ti.hetriedkindnessandstenessandprosesand

beendrivenoutoftheuntrylongbefore.asaresult,spain,

thesayearthatthefrenchprotestantleaderswereall

aheecessitiesoflifehespaniards

herlandshadfordadefensiveunion,thesocalledunion

greaterpartofhisine.

andbuedhissubjectsatthestake,hehe

devotedfollohedoesoflutherandcalvin

singpsalandlistentothesernsoftheirlutheranand

rcialbeehiveof

thetreasurechestoftheainedapooruntrybecause

anallprovihenorthe

lardedhistheirshepherdbutinteofollow

sixteeury,dependedforhisrevenueupoaxes

theherlands.buttheseflengsanddutwere

tothetoanufacturierofholland.

neranslatedbible.

negleselves.

killeddurierriblenightofsaintbartholow,he

threats.thehollandersreinedobstinate,andntio

calvinistpreachers.philipinhisdespairsenthis``nof

heheirney.ifheallotobeprotestants

notpossiblytoleratetheheresiesofhisdutts,but

andtheyhadagesandholy

ter.albabeganbydecapitatingthoseleaders

o

thisplacedthekinginaverydifficultposition.heuld

thediandsoftheir

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iron,thedukeofalba,tthesehardenedsio

theuntrybeforehisarrival.intheyear1572

andtooknoasurestosavetheirsoulshein

asanexalefortheothers.theyearhelaidsiege

attaassacredtheinhabitants

paintingsandtheyhadinfordthepopethattheyno

philip,rulerofthestpoionofthe

beinganofuainatedalong

allherneyhadtobesentabroadinexgeforthe

hisdutytotheinquisitiontotheherlands